2020 Subaru Outback Transmission & Axle Gear Ratios

Transmission gear ratios

The 2020 Subaru Outback is exclusively equipped with a Lineartronic CVT (Continuously Variable Transmission). This advanced transmission offers a wide range of ratios for optimal performance and fuel efficiency.

Available axle ratios

The axle ratios for the 2020 Subaru Outback are paired with the transmission and vary slightly depending on the engine.

How to identify your axle ratio

Unlike many trucks and SUVs, Subaru vehicles, including the 2020 Outback, do not typically use a separate RPO sticker on the door jamb or an axle tag to denote the axle ratio. Instead, the final drive ratio is integrated into the specification of the Lineartronic CVT and is specific to the engine it's paired with.

To confirm your vehicle's specific final drive ratio, the most reliable method is to check your owner's manual or the vehicle's original window sticker. Additionally, a Subaru dealership with your VIN can provide precise build information.

Towing vs MPG impact

A vehicle's axle ratio plays a significant role in balancing towing capability and fuel economy.

• Numerically Lower Ratio (e.g., 3.900:1): A numerically lower axle ratio means the engine spins fewer times per rotation of the wheels. This generally leads to better fuel economy on the highway, as the engine operates at lower RPMs. However, it can result in slightly reduced acceleration and towing capacity, as the engine has less mechanical advantage.

• Numerically Higher Ratio (e.g., 4.111:1): A numerically higher axle ratio means the engine spins more times per rotation of the wheels. This provides greater torque multiplication, enhancing acceleration and towing capability. The downside is that the engine will operate at higher RPMs at any given speed, leading to somewhat lower fuel economy, especially during highway driving.

For the 2020 Subaru Outback, models with the 2.4L Turbo H4 engine and its 4.111:1 final drive ratio are better suited for towing, offering the maximum rated towing capacity of 3,500 pounds. The 2.5L H4 models with the 3.900:1 final drive ratio provide a good balance for everyday driving and achieve better fuel economy, with a towing capacity of 2,700 pounds.

Common issues

While Subaru transmissions and differentials are generally reliable, some common issues can arise over time with any vehicle drivetrain. Specific to the Outback's all-wheel-drive system and CVT, potential concerns can include:

• CVT issues: Although Subaru's Lineartronic CVTs have improved significantly, earlier generations had some concerns with droning noises, shuddering, or even premature wear. Regular maintenance, including fluid changes, is crucial for longevity. While not a "gear ratio" issue directly, CVT performance is intrinsically linked to its ability to seamlessly adjust ratios.
• Differential Noise/Whine: Over time, the differential (front and rear in AWD vehicles) can develop a whine, often due to worn bearings or improperly set gear lash. This is less common in newer vehicles but can occur, especially if fluid changes are neglected or if the vehicle is frequently subjected to heavy loads.
• Propeller Shaft/Driveshaft Issues: Vibrations or clunking noises sometimes originate from the propeller shaft that connects the transmission to the rear differential. U-joint wear or balancing issues can be culprits.

These are general points for vehicle powertrains, and the 2020 Subaru Outback, when properly maintained, is known for its durability.

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