2018 Volvo VNL Coolant Capacity & Type

The 2018 Volvo VNL holds between 40 to 60 quarts (37.85 to 56.78 liters) of coolant, depending on the engine and specific cooling system configuration.

Quick Answer

• Total Cooling System Capacity: 40-60 quarts (37.85-56.78 liters)
• OEM Coolant Spec: Volvo VCS-2, usually a nitrite-free, phosphate-free, silicate-free Organic Acid Technology (OAT) or Hybrid Organic Acid Technology (HOAT) coolant. Typically purple/violet or pink/red in color.
• Mix Ratio: 50/50 prediluted or 1:1 concentrate to deionized water.

Capacity by Engine Option

The 2018 Volvo VNL was available with several engine options, primarily the Volvo D11, D13, and D16. The cooling system capacity varies significantly based on the engine and whether the truck is equipped with an auxiliary heater or other specialized cooling system components.

Always consult your owner's manual or a Volvo service manual for the precise capacity for your specific VIN.

Flush Interval

Maintaining the coolant is crucial for the longevity of your engine and cooling system components.

• Normal Duty: For vehicles operating under normal conditions, a coolant flush is typically recommended every 3 years or 300,000 miles, whichever comes first.
• Severe Duty: If your 2018 Volvo VNL is used for severe duty applications (e.g., heavy hauling, continuous idling, extreme temperatures), it is advisable to shorten the flush interval to every 2 years or 150,000 miles.

Regularly check the coolant level and condition, and perform coolant analysis if unsure about its remaining life.

How to Refill & Bleed

Properly refilling and bleeding the cooling system on a 2018 Volvo VNL is essential to prevent air pockets, which can cause overheating. Due to the complexity and size of commercial truck cooling systems, a vacuum fill tool is highly recommended.

1. Drain the System: With the engine cool, thoroughly drain the old coolant from the radiator and engine block drain plugs.
2. Flush (Optional but Recommended): If performing a full flush, use distilled water or a compatible flush product, then drain again until the water runs clear.
3. Close Drains: Securely close all drain plugs.
4. Vacuum Fill: Connect a vacuum fill tool to the cooling system and draw a deep vacuum. This removes air and helps identify leaks.
5. Refill: Introduce the new, properly mixed coolant through the vacuum fill tool. The vacuum will draw the coolant into the system, minimizing air pockets.
6. Start Engine & Monitor: Start the engine and run it with the cab heater on high (if applicable) until it reaches operating temperature. Monitor the coolant level in the expansion tank and top off as needed. Check for leaks.
7. Bleeding (Manual Method - if no vacuum fill): If a vacuum fill tool isn't available, slowly fill the system. Start the engine with the radiator cap off (or expansion tank cap loose) and heater on high. Run the engine, gently revving it to 2,000-2,500 RPM for short bursts. As the thermostat opens, coolant will circulate and air will escape. Continue until no more bubbles appear and the level stabilizes. Always be cautious of hot coolant and steam.
8. Check for Bleed Screws: Some Volvo VNL models may have specific bleed screws on hoses or housings. Consult your service manual for their location and opening/closing procedure during the bleed process.

Common Cooling System Issues for this Generation

Owners of 2018 Volvo VNL trucks may encounter several common cooling system issues, often related to the demands placed on commercial vehicles:

• EGR Cooler Leaks: The Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) cooler is a common failure point. Leaks can introduce coolant into the exhaust or combustion, leading to white smoke, coolant consumption, and potential engine damage.
• Radiator Leaks: Due to road debris, vibration, or age, radiators can develop leaks. Inspect fins and tanks regularly.
• Water Pump Failure: The water pump is a wear item. Symptoms include coolant leaks from the pump weep hole, overheating, or a grinding noise.
• Thermostat Issues: A failing thermostat can cause overheating (if stuck closed) or extended warm-up times/poor heater performance (if stuck open).
• Hose and Clamp Failures: Hoses can degrade over time, leading to cracks or softening. Clamps can loosen, causing leaks. Regular inspection is key.
• Coolant Contamination/Degradation: Using incorrect coolant types or extending flush intervals too long can lead to coolant breakdown, silicate dropout (if inappropriate coolant is used), and corrosion.

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