2014 Volvo VNL Coolant Capacity, Type, and Service Guide

The 2014 Volvo VNL holds approximately 14.5 gallons (55 liters) of coolant in its total cooling system.

Quick Answer

• Total Cooling System Capacity: ~14.5 gallons / 55 liters
• OEM Coolant Specification: Volvo VCS-2, Extended Life Coolant (ELC), Nitrite-Free (Color: Yellow)
• Mix Ratio: 50/50 mix of approved coolant concentrate and deionized or distilled water. Pre-mixed versions are recommended.

Capacity by Engine Option

The 2014 Volvo VNL was offered with engines from both Volvo and Cummins. While the total system capacity is largely determined by the radiator and chassis plumbing, there can be slight variations.

Note: Always defer to the specific service manual or decal on your vehicle, as specifications can vary based on options like auxiliary heaters.

Flush Interval

For heavy-duty diesel engines, following the correct coolant service interval is critical to prevent liner pitting, corrosion, and deposits.

• Normal Duty: Volvo recommends an initial service interval of up to 600,000 miles or 6 years for systems filled with genuine Volvo VCS-2 ELC.
• Severe Duty: For vehicles under severe duty (e.g., frequent idling, heavy loads in extreme temperatures), it is wise to test the coolant annually and consider a shorter interval. Always test coolant with test strips to check for additive depletion and pH level before replacing.

How to Refill & Bleed

Due to the complexity and size of a commercial truck's cooling system, a vacuum-fill tool is highly recommended to prevent air pockets, which can cause overheating and damage.

1. Drain: Ensure the engine is cool. Open the petcock at the bottom of the radiator to drain the system. Open the cap on the expansion tank (degas bottle) to facilitate draining.
2. Flush: If changing coolant types or if the old coolant is dirty, flush the system with clean water or a commercial flushing agent until the drainage is clear.
3. Vacuum-Fill: Attach a vacuum-fill tool to the expansion tank. Pull a vacuum on the system to check for leaks (the vacuum should hold steady) and remove all air.
4. Refill: Once a stable vacuum is achieved, use the tool's suction hose to draw the pre-mixed 50/50 coolant into the system. This method ensures a complete fill with no air pockets.
5. Verify Level: After filling, run the engine up to operating temperature with the heater on high. Check for leaks and top off the coolant level in the expansion tank as needed to the "MAX" line once the engine cools down.

Common Cooling System Issues

• EGR Cooler Failure: The Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) cooler is a known failure point. When it fails, coolant can leak into the exhaust or exhaust can pressurize the cooling system, leading to coolant loss and overheating.
• Radiator Leaks: Due to constant vibration and exposure, the seams and core of the radiator can develop leaks over time.
• Hose & Clamp Fatigue: Rubber hoses can become brittle or soft, and clamps can lose tension, leading to leaks, especially at connection points to the radiator, engine, and cab heater.
• Water Pump Failure: Though generally robust, the water pump can fail, leading to a sudden loss of coolant circulation and rapid overheating.
• Expansion Tank Cracks: The plastic expansion tank (degas bottle) can become brittle with age and heat cycles, leading to cracks and leaks.

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