2019 International MV Wheel Alignment Specifications

Quick reference

Adjustability

On the 2019 International MV, front total toe is adjustable from the factory using the tie rod ends. Front camber and front caster are not directly adjustable from the factory. Adjustments to camber and caster typically require aftermarket solutions, such as camber/caster eccentric bushings or adjustable shims, usually fitted at the upper control arm or spring perch, depending on the suspension setup. It's important to note that changes to caster often impact camber, and vice-versa, making precise adjustments crucial. Individual toe is effectively adjusted by setting total toe correctly and ensuring the steering wheel is centered. SAI (Steering Axis Inclination) is a non-adjustable "as-built" angle dictated by the original steering knuckle and suspension design; significant deviation usually indicates bent components. On the rear axle, thrust angle is the primary adjustable angle, allowing for compensation of slight axle misalignments relative to the vehicle's centerline, and is usually adjusted by loosening U-bolts and shifting the axle or using shims between the leaf springs and axle.

Recommended adjustment hardware

For correcting front camber and caster on the 2019 International MV, if outside of specification, specialized aftermarket solutions are often necessary. These might include:

• Eccentric bushings: These replace existing control arm bushings and have an off-center bore, allowing for adjustment of camber and caster when rotated.
• Adjustable shims: These are typically installed under the leaf spring pack or between the axle housing and leaf spring perch to modify caster angle.
• Adjustable torque rods/control arms: For multi-link rear suspension systems, adjustable rods can be used to correct thrust angle, though for the International MV's typical leaf spring rear, axle shims or shifting the axle on the leaf springs are more common.

Always consult with an experienced alignment technician and consider the vehicle's specific suspension configuration before installing aftermarket adjustment hardware.

Symptoms of bad alignment

Misalignment can manifest through various symptoms, impacting safety, tire life, and fuel economy. Here are common indicators:

• Feathered wear: When one side of the tire tread block is worn smooth while the other side is sharp, resembling the edge of a feather. This often points to excessive toe-in or toe-out.
• Cupping or scalloping wear: This appears as dips or hollows in the tire tread, often indicative of worn suspension components, but can also be exacerbated by incorrect toe settings.
• Inner or outer shoulder wear: Excessive wear on either the inner or outer edge of the tire, suggesting incorrect camber settings. Negative camber wears the inner edge, while positive camber wears the outer edge.
• Vehicle pulling or drifting: The vehicle consistently pulls to one side, requiring constant steering correction. This can be caused by significant caster differences between the front wheels or incorrect camber. A pull can also indicate issues with individual toe or thrust angle.
• Off-center steering wheel: Even when driving straight, the steering wheel is not centered. This typically points to an incorrect total toe setting or an uncompensated thrust angle.
• Increased steering effort or looseness: Misalignment can make the steering feel heavy or overly loose, impacting vehicle control.

When to align

To maintain optimal handling and tire life, an alignment should be performed in the following situations:

• After suspension or steering component replacement: Any time components like tie rods, ball joints, control arms, or steering gears are replaced, an alignment is crucial.
• After installing new tires: Even if the old tires wore evenly, new tires are a significant investment, and an alignment ensures they start their life correctly.
• After an impact: Hitting a curb, pothole, or being involved in an accident can easily knock alignment angles out of specification.
• When symptoms appear: If you notice any of the "Symptoms of bad alignment" listed above, don't delay in getting an inspection.
• Periodically, as preventative maintenance: Many manufacturers recommend an alignment check every 12 to 15 months, or every 15,000 to 20,000 miles, as part of routine maintenance.

Typical alignment cost

The cost of an alignment for a 2019 International MV can vary significantly depending on geographical location, the shop, and whether any adjustments are needed beyond basic toe. A basic two-wheel (front axle) alignment for a commercial truck might range from $150 to $300. A more comprehensive four-wheel alignment, which would include checking and adjusting thrust angle, could cost between $250 and $500, especially if specialized equipment or labor for heavy-duty vehicles is required. If aftermarket components or significant adjustments are needed for camber or caster, the price could be higher.

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