2018 Toyota Tacoma Transmission & Axle Gear Ratios

Transmission gear ratios

The 2018 Toyota Tacoma offered two transmission options: a 6-speed manual (RA60F) and a 6-speed automatic (AC60F/AC60E).

RA60F 6-speed Manual Transmission

AC60F/AC60E 6-speed Automatic Transmission

Available axle ratios

The 2018 Toyota Tacoma came with a few different axle ratios, influencing its performance characteristics. Higher numerical ratios generally provide better towing capability but lower fuel economy, while lower numerical ratios offer the opposite.

How to identify your axle ratio

For a 2018 Toyota Tacoma, the easiest way to identify your vehicle's axle ratio is by checking the door-jamb sticker. Look for the "Axle" code. This code will correspond to the ratios listed in the table above (e.g., A04A or A05A). Another method, though more involved, is to physically inspect the axle housing for a tag, but this is less common on Toyotas than other manufacturers. If you have the VIN, a Toyota dealership parts department or an online VIN decoder can also provide this information.

Towing vs MPG impact

The axle ratio has a significant impact on both towing capability and fuel economy. A numerically higher axle ratio (e.g., 4.300) means that the engine will spin at a higher RPM for a given road speed. This translates to more torque delivered to the wheels, making it easier to tow heavy loads, especially on inclines, and providing better off-road performance. However, the trade-off is reduced fuel economy due to the engine working harder at higher RPMs.

Conversely, a numerically lower axle ratio (e.g., 3.909) means the engine will operate at lower RPMs at a given road speed. This leads to better fuel efficiency, as the engine isn't working as hard. The downside is reduced towing capacity and less aggressive acceleration, as less torque is available at the wheels.

When choosing a Tacoma, consider your primary usage. If you frequently tow trailers or engage in serious off-roading, a higher axle ratio is beneficial. If daily commuting and fuel economy are your main concerns, a lower axle ratio is more suitable. The "balanced" option offers a good compromise for mixed driving conditions.

Common issues

While the 2018 Toyota Tacoma is generally known for its reliability, some common issues related to the drivetrain can occur over time:

• Ring & Pinion Whine: This is often noticed as a distinct whining sound that changes with vehicle speed and throttle input. It can indicate wear in the ring and pinion gears, improper backlash adjustment, or inadequate lubrication. If left unaddressed, it can lead to more severe damage.
• Carrier Bearing Wear: The carrier bearing supports the driveshaft. If it starts to wear out, you might hear a clunking, humming, or vibrating noise, especially during acceleration or deceleration. Replacing a worn carrier bearing can restore smooth power transfer.
• Limited-Slip Clutch Wear (if equipped): Tacomas equipped with a limited-slip differential (LSD) may experience wear in the clutch packs over time. This can manifest as a chattering or grinding noise when turning, particularly at low speeds. Regular fluid changes with the correct friction modifier can extend the life of these components.

Prompt attention to these symptoms can prevent more costly repairs down the line.

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